papers in an important German physics journal. He received a doctorate for the first paper. Publication of the next four papers forever changed mankind’s view of the universe. Although he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for physics, the prize did not refer to his relativity theories, which were still considered to be controversial.

When the Nazis came to power in 1933, they denounced his ideas, seized his property, and burned his books. That year he moved to the United States. In 1940 he became an American citizen.

In 1939, shortly before the outbreak of World War II in Europe, Einstein